Dement and kleitman eye movements in sleep psych tutor. This chapter provides an overview of basic sleep physiology and describes. For example we do know that the structure of our nervous system including our brains and the action of chemicals can have an effect on our behaviour. If, in question 11a, the candidate were to rewrite two controls used by dement and kleitman before the study began were, this would focus attention to include the last part of the sentence and steer the candidate away from talking about. Both studies use these techniques because both are interested in the relationship of the brain with psychological. You can also find all of the past exam questions on dement and kleitman s study here. And in so far as it accepts this second problem, we may name it a psychophysics. Psychology physiological approach powerpoint by laura. Other physiological features of rem sleep have been considered in terms of their relevance to dreaming.
Case studies from physiological psychology revision world. The physiological approach to psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experience. Such a relationship was reported by aserinsky and kleitman 1 who. Below is a very brief summary of the dement and kleitman study. Participants, when woken up shortly after rem sleep, were more likely to remember their dreams than those who were woken up long after rem sleep.
Physiology and psychology of dreams semantic scholar. Other sleep disorders chapter summary learning objectives 1. What is the third key assumption of the physiological approach. During other stages, on the other hand, they normally do not report dreaming. The study of dream activity and its relation to physiological variables during. A brief history of sleep research stanford university. Physiological psychology, biological psychology, or behavioral neuroscience is a field of psychology that connects behavior and mental processes. Dement and kleitman 1957 flashcards in a level and ib. The physiological approach to psychology focuses on our biological make up, and the events that occur in our bodies which cause our behaviour. This great picture is of nathaniel kleitman serving as a subject in one of his own sleep experiments.
We are always looking for ways to improve customer experience on. Dement and kleitman flashcards in a level and ib psychology. They tested 5 participants, waking them either 5 or 15 minutes into periods of rem sleep. The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity dement, w.
The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream. Sleep physiology sleep disorders and sleep deprivation ncbi. Introduction to physiological psychology what is an emotion. Dinges is currently a tenured professor of psychology in psychiatry, and he. They were woken during the night at various times by a ordinary door bell near their bed. This syllabus aims to encourage an interest in and appreciation of psychology through an exploration of the ways in which psychology is conducted.
Dement and kleitman 1957 rem and dreams discussion. More recently, psychologists have focused on cognitive and physiological. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the physiological psychology approach using one of the studies listed below as an example. Dement and kleitman 1957 the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Chronic sleep restriction is frequently experienced due to medical conditions, sleep. Physiological psychology is the study of human behavior through physiological impact. Dement described the cyclical nature of nocturnal sleep in 1955, and in 1957 and 58 established the relationship between rem sleep and dreaming. It tends to have the view that your consciousness is based entirely on the electrical impulses that occur. Schachter and singer 1962 dement and kleitman 1957 sperry 1968 raine 1997 physiological psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experiences this area of psychology can be very convincing. This post presents and illustrates the dement and kleitman research sleep and dreams as per the requirements of the ib igcse as 9990 syllabus including the studys background, aims, research method, measured and manipulated variables, controls, sample characteristics, results, findings, conclusions, strengths and weaknesses, ethics, and evaluation. You will need to use the more detailed summary here to revise for the exam.
The study of dream activity and its relation to physiological variables during sleep necessitates a reliable method of determining with precision when dreaming occurs. You can also find all of the past exam questions on dement and kleitmans study here. The psychology being investigated in the dement and kletiman sleep and dreams. Physiological psychology explores the trends in physiological psychology, a rapidly growing and changing field that deals with the relationship between physiology and behavior. The role of dreams in the evolution of the human mind michael s. Raine 1997 the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Dinges is currently a tenured professor of psychology in psychiatry, and he serves as chief of the division of sleep and. Physiological psychology is a field of psychology that is concerned with how physiology, genetics, and biology affect emotional responses, memory, mental illness, states of consciousness, and.
The biological approach investigates the physiological processes of people. Franklin, department of psychology, university of michigan, 525 east university ann. If you decide to participate, a new browser tab will open so you can complete the survey after you have completed your visit to this website. Studies in the physiological approach it has good ethics. Subsequent studies have not supported dement and kleitmans findings that there. Introduction to physiological psychology chapter 1 majority of illustrations in this presentation are from biological psychology 4th edition sinuer publications what is physiological psychology. Home a level and ib study tools psychology dement and kleitman. This is something that the individual differences approach and the social approach often. The most popular choice was the basketball dream with responses tending to spell out the vertical eye movements. Additionally the researchers concluded that direction of the eye movement also correlated with dreams, for example. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The role of dreams in the evolution of the human mind. Mainly, therefore, psychological psychology will focus on the brain, but it will also include study of the nervous system, hormones and genetics. Reponses that failed to gain credit including dreams not reported in the study itself and those that produced horizontal eye movements.
Behavioral and physiological consequences of sleep restriction. William dement and nathaniel kleitman s experiment on rapid eye movement and dreaming 1957 introduction have you ever noticed that a sleeping persons eyes sometimes flicker around, up and down, left and right. Dement and kleitman question and model answer tips. Physiological psychology the physiological approach to psychology focuses on our biological make up, and the events that occur in our bodies which cause our behaviour. We would like to ask you for a moment of your time to fill in a short questionnaire, at the end of your visit. Home a level and ib study tools psychology dement and kleitman 1957 dement and kleitman 1957. Held and hein 1963 movementproduced stimulation in the development of visually guided behaviour. Aug 15, 2007 there is ample scientific evidence to support the conclusion that sleep is an essential physiological need state that must be satisfied to ensure survival. Magnetic resonance imaging mriwas a later development, and uses powerful magnets and radio pulses to. Dec 15, 2012 physiological psychology physiological psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experiences.
Physiological psychology physiological psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experiences. They then spoke into a tape recorder and were asked whether theyd been dreaming, context, time estimate 515. One is the muscle paralysis that accompanies that state. Regularly occurring periods of eye mobility and concomitant phenomena during sleep. Unless you have some sort of hobby that involves watching people sleep for long periods of time, you probably havent noticed this. Brain abnormalities in murderers indicated by positron emission tomography. Dement and kleitman 1957 the relation of eye movements. Two decades later rainer reisenzein free university berlin, federal republic of germany schachters cognitionarousal theory of emotion is critically examined from.
The relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Schachter and singer 1962 cognitive, social and phyiological developments of emotional state. The sample used in the study consisted of only nine participants, of which only five were studied in depth. Autonomicskeletal response is necessary for emotion.
Pdf the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream. Dement and kleitman flashcards create, study and share. Drawn from america means it is ethnocentric restricted to the group the person belongs to. Sample size, drawn from america, therefore not generalised. For example we do know that the structure of our nervous system, including the brain, and the action of chemicals can have an effect on our behaviour. There is ample scientific evidence to support the conclusion that sleep is an essential physiological need state that must be satisfied to ensure survival. The part of the brain studied here is the amygdala a part of the emotional system of our brain, that when active, is shown to influence the way we feel. Sperry, dement and kleitman, and maguire all keep their studies within ethical guidelines. The given study comes under the biological approach, and takes the most typical form of a study from this category it studies a specific part of the brain, and how activity in this part influences our memory for our emotional experiences. Physiological psychology, on the principles of physiological psychology principles of physiological psychology 2.
Interestingly enough, it was not until 1953, that dement and kleitman discovered that. Aasm awards 2017 nathaniel kleitman distinguished service award david f. Table 1 from the relation of eye movements during sleep to. Participants would normally report dreams and the length of the dream would correspond to the time that they had spent in. Describe the features and symptoms of each disorder 4. William dement and nathaniel kleitmans experiment on rapid eye movement and dreaming 1957 introduction have you ever noticed that a sleeping persons eyes sometimes flicker around, up and down, left and right. In 1958, dement published a paper on the existence of a cyclic organization of sleep in cats. This knowledge, in the final analysis, always depends upon the subjective report of the dreamer, but becomes relatively objective if such reports can be significantly related to some physiological phenomena which in turn can be. Experimental psychology is no better able to cope with them than is any other form of psychology, seeing that it differs from its rivals dilly in method, and not in aim or purpose. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 259k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Pdf the relation of eye movements during sleep to dream activity. Participants would normally report dreams and the length of the dream would correspond to the time that they had spent in rem.